Chile’s media is dominated by a number of private national and local broadcasters, with two commercial groups owning the bulk of print titles. The news media have been tested by a series of dramatic political events since popular protests in 2019.

A new criminal code which, among other things, bans publishing insults against the president became law in December 2022. The new law has been described by human rights activists as a significant setback for Indonesia’s reputation for press freedom.

After years of cuts, contractions and closures, Australian news businesses received millions in financial relief through commercial deals struck with Google and Meta in response to Australia’s News Media Bargaining Code. However, it hasn’t been a cure-all.

In Portugal, in the aftermath of the pandemic, and with trust in news still high, overall interest in news fell significantly. Meanwhile, the rebranding of a news channel has changed competitive dynamics in a very packed market for TV news channels.

Presidential and congressional elections have dominated media coverage this year amid widespread concern about misinformation. High social media and smartphone usage in Colombia is pushing more big players to invest in digital.

In Chile, presidential elections and the writing of a new constitution have taken centre stage amid controversy and some misinformation. The media has at times struggled to come to terms with these increasingly polarised national debates.